Blood is the fluid that keeps the life flowing through the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries of the body. Removes waste and carbon dioxide and carries nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, vitamins, antibodies, heat and oxygen to the tissues.What is anemia?Anemia is the shortage of red blood cells or reduced ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen and iron. The enzymes of the tissues that need iron can affect cell function in nerves and muscles. The fetus depends on the mother’s blood and anemia can cause poor fetal growth, premature birth and low infant birth weight.What are the most common types of anemia during pregnancy?
Pregnancy Anemia There are various types of anemia that may occur during pregnancy. These are:* Anemia gravid arum During pregnancy, women’s blood volume increases up to 50 percent. This makes the concentration of red blood cells in your body to be weakened. Sometimes the condition is called anemia of pregnancy and is not considered abnormal, except in cases where the levels fall too.* Iron deficiency anemia During pregnancy, the fetus uses the mother’s red blood cells for growth and development, especially during the last three months of pregnancy. If a woman has an excessive amount of red blood cells in bone marrow before pregnancy, you can use this reserve during pregnancy to meet the needs of the baby. Women who do not possess an adequate amount of iron stored may develop iron deficiency anemia. This type of anemia is most common during pregnancy. Is the lack of iron in the blood. Iron is needed to make hemoglobin (the part of blood that distributes oxygen from the lungs to body tissues). Before pregnancy, should have adequate nutrition to be able to accumulate reserves and prevent iron deficiency anemia.* Vitamin B12 Deficiency Vitamin B12 is important for the formation of red blood cells and protein synthesis. Vegetarian women (who eat no animal products) are more likely to develop vitamin B12 deficiency. The inclusion of foods derived from animals in the diet, such as milk, meat, eggs and poultry can prevent vitamin B12 deficiency. Women under a strict vegetarian diet usually require injections of vitamin B12 during pregnancy.* Blood loss Blood loss during delivery or the postpartum (after delivery) can also be a cause of anemia. The average blood loss at vaginal birth is about 500 milliliters, and a cesarean 1,000 milliliters. Adequate iron reserves can help a woman to replace the amount of red blood cells lost.* Deficiency of folate Folate, also called folate, is a B vitamin that works with iron in the formation of blood cells. Folate deficiency during pregnancy is generally associated with iron deficiency since both folic acid and iron are the same types of food. It has been shown that folic acid helps reduce the risk of giving birth to a baby with certain birth defects of the brain and spinal cord if ingested before conception and during the first months of conception.What are the symptoms of anemia?It is possible that women with anemia during pregnancy symptoms do not clear, unless the amount of red blood cells is very low. Here are the most common symptoms of anemia. However, each woman may experience a different way. Symptoms may include:* Paleness of the skin, lips, nails, palms of the hands or the lower eyelids* Fatigue* Dizziness or light-headedness* Difficulty breathing* Fast heartbeat (tachycardia)The symptoms of anemia may resemble those of other disorders or medical problems. Always consult your doctor for diagnosis.How is anemia diagnosed?Anemia pregnancy Anemia is usually discovered during a prenatal care through routine blood tests to monitor hemoglobin levels or hematocrit. The procedures for the diagnosis of anemia may include additional blood tests and other evaluation procedures.* Hemoglobin – part of blood that distributes oxygen from the lungs to body tissues.* Hematocrit – measuring the percentage of red blood cells that are in a specific volume of blood.Treatment of anemia:The specific treatment of anemia will be determined by your doctor according to:* Your pregnancy, your general health and past medical history* How advanced is the disease* Your tolerance for certain medications, procedures or therapies* Expectations for the evolution of the disease* Your opinion or preference Treatment depends on the type and severity of anemia. The treatment of iron deficiency anemia includes iron supplements. Some of the ways of administration are dosage slowly, while others must be administered several times a day. If the iron is taken with a citrus juice, the body absorbs it better. Antacids may decrease the absorption of iron. Iron supplements can cause nausea and cause stools are a dark green or black. It is also possible that iron supplements produce constipation.Prevention of anemia:Good nutrition before pregnancy can not only help prevent anemia, but may also help the formation of other nutritional reserves in the body of the mother. A healthy, balanced diet during pregnancy helps maintain the levels of iron and other important nutrients necessary for health of mother and unborn child.The sources of iron include:* Meat: beef, pork, lamb, liver and other organs* Poultry: chicken, duck, turkey, liver (especially dark meat)* Fish and shellfish, including clams, mussels, oysters, sardines and anchovies* Plants of the green leaves of the cabbage family like broccoli, kale, turnip and green kale* Legumes such as beans and peas (peas), dried beans and peas like pinto beans, beans and careta cooked canned beans* Bread and bread flour with yeast integral* The white bread, spaguetti, rice and cereals fortified with ironIs now recommended for all pregnant women and women of childbearing age ingest vitamin supplements containing 400 micrograms of folic acid. These supplements are necessary because the natural sources of folate are difficult to absorb much of the vitamin is lost during cooking. The sources of folate include the following foods:* Green leafy vegetables* Beans and peas (peas) dried* Citrus fruits and juices and most berries* Cereals fortified.Tags:anemia gravidarum, b12 deficiency, blood loss during pregnancy, pregnancu riks, pregnancy anemia, pregnancy high risk, symptoms of anemia, Treatment of anemia.
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